30 research outputs found
Pressure dependent friction on granular slopes close to avalanche
We investigate the sliding of objects on an inclined granular surface close
to the avalanche threshold. Our experiments show that the stability is driven
by the surface deformations. Heavy objects generate footprint-like deformations
which stabilize the objects on the slopes. Light objects do not disturb the
sandy surfaces and are also stable. For intermediate weights, the deformations
of the surface destabilize the objects and generate sliding. A characteristic
pressure for which the solid friction is minimal is evidenced. Applications to
the locomotion of devices and animals on sandy slopes as a function of their
mass are proposed
Learning to Speak and Act in a Fantasy Text Adventure Game
We introduce a large scale crowdsourced text adventure game as a research
platform for studying grounded dialogue. In it, agents can perceive, emote, and
act whilst conducting dialogue with other agents. Models and humans can both
act as characters within the game. We describe the results of training
state-of-the-art generative and retrieval models in this setting. We show that
in addition to using past dialogue, these models are able to effectively use
the state of the underlying world to condition their predictions. In
particular, we show that grounding on the details of the local environment,
including location descriptions, and the objects (and their affordances) and
characters (and their previous actions) present within it allows better
predictions of agent behavior and dialogue. We analyze the ingredients
necessary for successful grounding in this setting, and how each of these
factors relate to agents that can talk and act successfully
Cluster-based Aggregate Forecasting for Residential Electricity Demand using Smart Meter Data
While electricity demand forecasting literature has focused on large, industrial, and national demand, this paper focuses on short-term (1 and 24 hour ahead) electricity demand forecasting for residential customers at the individual and aggregate level. Since electricity consumption behavior may vary between households, we first build a feature universe, and then apply Correlation-based Feature Selection to select features relevant to each household. Additionally, smart meter data can be used to obtain aggregate forecasts with higher accuracy using the so-called Cluster-based Aggregate Forecasting (CBAF) strategy, i.e., by first clustering the households, forecasting the clusters' energy consumption separately, and finally aggregating the forecasts. We found that the improvement provided by CBAF depends not only on the number of clusters, but also more importantly on the size of the customer base
Reference-less Quality Estimation of Text Simplification Systems
International audienceThe evaluation of text simplification (TS) systems remains an open challenge. As the task has common points with machine translation (MT), TS is often evaluated using MT metrics such as BLEU. However, such metrics require high quality reference data, which is rarely available for TS. TS has the advantage over MT of being a monolingual task, which allows for direct comparisons to be made between the simplified text and its original version. In this paper, we compare multiple approaches to reference-less quality estimation of sentence-level text simplification systems, based on the dataset used for the QATS 2016 shared task. We distinguish three different dimensions: gram-maticality, meaning preservation and simplicity. We show that n-gram-based MT metrics such as BLEU and METEOR correlate the most with human judgment of grammaticality and meaning preservation, whereas simplicity is best evaluated by basic length-based metrics
Disorder
punk / post-punk Lire l’ouvrage en ligne sur OpenEdition Books. Présentation Les années 1970 et 1980 virent l’émergence de deux mouvements consécutifs, identifiés sous leur forme consacrée « punk » et « post-punk ». Ces courants artistiques sont apparus d’abord aux États-Unis et en Europe et ont engendré rapidement des sous-cultures dans le monde entier. Cet ouvrage présente des contributions qui couvrent quatre décennies et trois continents, avec des études de cas sur des zones bien connues ..